public health 81

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….80 questions to answer multiple choice ..please provide the source you used to answer each…

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Question 1

In the 1980s, at the height of the Cold War, advanced technology was acquired from U.S. universities and the U.S. government national laboratories by adversarial nations.

True

False

2 points

Question 2

Even today, exposure to diseases my military service members affects morbidity and mortality, which then impacts overall military readiness.

True

False

2 points

Question 3

When which of the following emerged in 2003, and a coronavirus was identified as the causative agent, scientific expertise regarding this relatively obscure virus was ready and available because of long-term funding by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)?

	a.	SARS
	b.	Ebola
	c.	Zika virus
	d.	Monkeypox

2 points

Question 4

The core functions of which of the following need to be supplemented by specialized training, procedures, laws, regulations, and planning, so that all relevant sectors can operate effectively and in a coordinated fashion during a crisis or public health emergency?

		Homeland security
		Homeland defense
		Emergency management
		Public health preparedness

2 points

Question 5

What branch of the Logistics Section of the Incident Command System structure can move resources from one area to another, as well as maintain the response vehicles?

	a.	Service Branch
	b.	Support Branch
	c.	Ground Support Branch
	d.	Technical Assistance Branch

2 points

Question 6

The Incident Command System (ICS) is a standardized approach to incident management that:

	a.	Allows for the integration of resources (such as facilities, equipment, personnel) within a common organizational structure.
	b.	Can be used not only for emergencies, but also for planned events.
	c.	Enables a coordinated response among various jurisdictions and agencies.
	d.	Establishes common processes for incident-level planning and resource management.
	e.	All of the above.

2 points

Question 7

Which of the following refers to the military use of a biological agent to cause death or harm to humans, animals, or plants?

	a.	Bioterrorism
	b.	Agroterrorism
	c.	Biological warfare
	d.	Biological combustion

2 points

Question 8

Due to important scientific, technological, and organizational accomplishments, most countries have achieved international core competencies for health security.

True

False

2 points

Question 9

The intentional or accidental release of a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear agent would be classified as which of the following?

	a.	Public health crisis
	b.	Public health outbreak
	c.	Public health disaster
	d.	Public health emergency

2 points

Question 10

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), which of the following refers to the activities that are necessary to “minimize vulnerability to acute public health events that endanger the collective health of populations”?

	a.	Health security
	b.	Health emergency
	c.	Disease surveillance
	d.	Emergency preparedness

2 points

Question 11

What type of weapon, if released, would instantly destroy people, buildings, and anything else in the vicinity?

	a.	Chemical weapons
	b.	Biological weapons
	c.	Radiological weapons
	d.	Nuclear weapons

2 points

Question 12

Which of the following is the basis for all of the preparedness cycle activities?

	a.	The plan
	b.	Organization of the responders
	c.	Performing training exercises
	d.	Disseminating the plan

2 points

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about disasters and pregnant women?

	a.	Pregnant women are classified as populations with special clinical needs.
	b.	After a disaster, pregnant women may experience physical problems that impact pregnancy outcomes such as hypertension.
	c.	Hurricane exposure has not been associated with the occurrence of low birth weight and preterm birth.
	d.	Following a disaster, pregnant women may report an increase in stress and separation from loved ones.
	e.	After a disaster, pregnant women are likely to have decreased access to health care and medicines.

2 points

Question 14

The purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau, which was located in the War Department and only existed for 7 years, was to assist in disaster relief.

True

False

2 points

Question 15

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC), specifically supports research into the basic biology and pathogenesis of threat agents, many of which are not well understood.

True

False

2 points

Question 16

Most Category A biological threats are waterborne or foodborne.

True

False

2 points

Question 17

Although the prospect of bioterrorism has raised legitimate concern about the potential abuse of published information, research in the very same fields will be crucial to society in meeting the challenges of defense.

True

False

2 points

Question 18

The process of human drug and vaccine development typically takes a decade, which is too long to combat an emerging threat that may occur without warning and spread rapidly.

True

False

2 points

Question 19

Within the Incident Command System structure, in which section would subject matter experts that can provide information and technical assistance be assigned as needed?

	a.	Operations Section
	b.	Planning Section
	c.	Logistics Section
	d.	Administrative/Finance Section

2 points

Question 20

The health of a population, which can be affected by human behavior, disease, and natural and manmade threats, directly impacts the security of a nation.

True

False

2 points

Question 21

Which of the following is essential to public health preparedness, but it starts with detection of an unusual event by an astute clinical or a capable laboratory, wherever the incident or event emerges?

	a.	Clinical care
	b.	Disease surveillance
	c.	Outbreak containment
	d.	Emergency management

2 points

Question 22

Chronic diseases emerge from every corner of the world, and because of rapid transportation networks, can spread from international airports around the world in 24 to 48 hours.

True

False

2 points

Question 23

A multi-sectoral approach is needed to effectively address health security and build the capacities to prevent, detect, and respond to biological threats around the world.

True

False

2 points

Question 24

The public health response to chemical incidents or events will depend on the incident/event itself, its origin, and the location.

True

False

2 points

Question 25

Which of the following is the optimum number of persons working for one supervisor under the Incident Command System?

	a.	Three direct reports per supervisor
	b.	Five direct reports per supervisor
	c.	Seven direct reports per supervisor
	d.	Nine direct reports per supervisor

2 points

Question 26

NBIC, is the National Bio-surveillance Integration Center, a center hosted by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) designed to integrate and analyze data from human health, animal, plant, food, and environmental monitoring systems to create a single picture of bio-related activities.

True

False

2 points

Question 27

The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center focuses on activities that support threat characterization and bio-forensic analysis to support attribution assessments of bio-crimes and bioterrorism.

True

False

2 points

Question 28

Which of the following contains a long list of questions that can be consulted during the review of the plan for certain criteria such as adequacy, feasibility, acceptability and compliance?

	a.	Community Preparedness Guide 101 (CPG 101)
	b.	National Incident Management System
	c.	National Response Plan
	d.	National Preparedness Goal

2 points

Question 29

What type of biological agent has been altered to circumvent medical countermeasures (includes agents that are resistant to antibiotics)?

	a.	Traditional agents
	b.	Enhanced agents
	c.	Emerging agents
	d.	Advanced agents

2 points

Question 30

The Incident Command System can be used in any type of incident or event including a natural disaster, a terrorist attack, a disease outbreak, or a pre-planned event.

True

False

2 points

Question 31

Other women of reproductive age may face these factors during and after a disaster:

	a.	Changes in risk of unintended pregnancy, due to factors such as lack of access to contraception or increases in high-risk behaviors, such as drug or alcohol use.
	b.	Exposure to gender-based violence.
	c.	Identification as a ‘population with special clinical needs’.
	d.	Both a and b.
	e.	All of the above

2 points

Question 32

What type of chemical agent produces a temporary, usually nonfatal irritation of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract (not considered to be chemical weapons by the U.S. government)?

	a.	Blood agents
	b.	Choking agents
	c.	Nerve agents
	d.	Riot control agents

2 points

Question 33

What agency may be called upon to monitor and decontaminate a radiological emergency event?

	a.	Environmental Protection Agency
	b.	Department of Labor
	c.	Department of Energy
	d.	Department of Interior

2 points

Question 34

Unlike biological warfare, the target of bioterrorism is typically governments, armed forces, or resources that might affect the ability of a nation to attack or defend itself.

True

False

2 points

Question 35

A controversial article, which provides a detailed description of how to contaminate the milk supply with what toxin, was published by the Proceedings of the National Academies of Science (PNAS) and viewed by critics as a road map for bioterrorism?

	a.	Anthrax
	b.	Botulism
	c.	Botulism
	d.	Salmonella

2 points

Question 36

Overall, the current threat posed by biological weapons has decreased significantly in the past decade.

True

False

2 points

Question 37

Post-disaster concerns reported by postpartum women include:

	a.	Difficulties in infant feeding.
	b.	Loss of infant supplies.
	c.	Decrease in access to medical care for their infants.
	d.	All of the above.

2 points

Question 38

The 1995 Presidential Decision Directive 39 (PDD-39), “United States Policy on Counterterrorism,” was the last major policy guidance that addressed disaster preparedness and response prior to 2001.

True

False

2 points

Question 39

What guidance document puts the Secretary of Health and Human Services in charge of public health emergencies to coordinate preparedness, response, and recovery?

	a.	Executive Order 13228
	b.	Emergency Support Function #8 of the National Response Framework
	c.	National Security Presidential Directive 8
	d.	Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5

2 points

Question 40

The preparedness cycle never ends as we continually plan, organize, equip, train, exercise, and evaluate our actions.

True

False

2 points

Question 41

U.S. programs that support global surveillance include the CDC’s Global Disease Detection and Response program; the cooperative threat reduction programs at the Department of Defense (DoD) and Departments of State, and the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID’s) infectious disease surveillance and emerging pandemic threats programs.

True

False

2 points

Question 42

Pregnant women may face these factors during and after a disaster:

	a.	Identification as a ‘population with special clinical needs’.
	b.	Increased risk for some infectious diseases that can negatively affect maternal and infant health.
	c.	Increased pregnancy complications and aggravation of health conditions that may increase pregnancy complications such as hypertension.
	d.	All of the above.

2 points

Question 43

International priorities for disease surveillance includes emerging infections, epidemic-prone diseases, and environmental risks.

True

False

2 points

Question 44

The spread of new microbes or viruses, the rise and spread of drug resistance, and the deliberate release of pathogens all represent threats that are exacerbated by the globalization of travel, food production and supply, and medical products.

True

False

2 points

Question 45

An epidemic that begins in a single community can quickly evolve into a multinational health crisis that causes millions to suffer.

True

False

2 points

Question 46

The Incident Command System (ICS) has positively impacted incident management efforts by:

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